Movies illustrating pigment aggregation and self-organization of microtubules into the polar aster

Movie 1:
Self-organization in the narrow elongated fragment as predicted by the 1-D model. Initially homogeneous granule density is shown at the top, and the length densities of MTs, calculated analytically, are shown in the middle and bottom. When dynein is stimulated, the granules aggregate to the center of the fragment, while the MT length density evolves into the shape demonstrating that most MTs have their minus and plus ends stabilized at the center and edges of the fragment, respectively.

Movie 2:
Same as in movie 1, but now the length densities of MTs have three maxima in the fragment. The simulations show that, first, three local pigment aggregates emerge, which then merge into two transient aggregates, and finally, into one aggregate at the center of the fragment.

Movie 3:
In the nascent fragment, initially the granules are distributed uniformly, while all MTs are oriented in the same way, with their minus ends at the left, and their plus ends at the right. Rapidly, the granules aggregate near the left edge of the fragment. The aggregate shifts slightly toward the center, but stops far from it. The MTs organize into the aster with their minus ends embedded in the fragment.

Movie 4:
Self-organization in the square fragment as predicted by the 2-D model. Initially, the granule density is homogeneous (illustrated by shading, such that darker shade corresponds to greater density), and MTs (with thin minus ends and thick plus ends) are distributed randomly. When dynein is stimulated, the granules aggregate into few local aggregates subsequently merging into the single aggregate. Then, MTs with the minus ends away from the aggregate treadmill toward the boundary and disappear, and the MT aster emerges.

Movie 5:
Aggregation of the pigment granules as observed in two fragments of different sizes and shapes.

Movie 6:
Aggregation of the pigment granules as observed in the bi-lobed fragment.

Movie 7:
Computer simulated aggregation of the pigment granules and MT aster formation in the bi-lobed fragment.