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Instantaneous smoothing and exponential decay of solutions of a degenerate evolution equation with applications to Boltzmann's equation.

PDE and Applied Math Seminar

Speaker: Kevin Zumbrun, Indiana University
Location: zoom
Start time: Tue, Jan 25 2022, 4:10PM

We establish an instantaneous smoothing property for decaying solutions on the half-line of certain degenerate Hilbert space-valued evolution equations arising in kinetic theory, including in particular the steady Boltzmann equation, namely $$ (d/dt)A x= -x + G(x),$$ where $G(0)=0$, $|dG|\leq \gamma<1$, and $A$ is bounded, self-adjoint, but singular.

Our results answer the two main open problems posed by Pogan and Zumbrun in their treatment of $H^1$ stable manifolds of such equations, showing that $L^2_{loc}$ solutions that merely remain sufficiently small in $L^\infty$ (i) decay exponentially, and (ii) are $C^1$ for $t > 0$, hence lie eventually in the $H^1$ stable manifold constructed by Pogan and Zumbrun. Surprisingly, it is small velocities (leading to singularity of $A$) rather than large that present the main difficulty for Boltzmanns' equation in this context.